Once upon a time, there was a young shepherd of the Santal tribe named Toria, who grazed his sheep and goats on the bank of a river. Now it happened that the daughters of the Sun would descend from heaven every day by means of a spider’s web, to bathe in the river.

Finding Toria there, they invited him to bathe with them. After they had bathed and anointed themselves with oils and perfumes, they returned to their heavenly abode, while Toria went to look after his flock.

Having become friendly with the daughters of the Sun, Toria gradually fell in love with one of them. But he was at a loss to know how to obtain such a divine creature. One day, when they met him and said, “Come along, Toria, and bathe with us,” he suddenly thought of a plan.

While they were bathing, he said, “Let us see who can stay under water the longest.”

At a given signal they all dived, but very soon Toria raised his head above water and, making sure that no one was looking, hurried out of the water, picked up the robe of the girl he loved, and was in the act of carrying it away when the others raised their heads above the water.

The girl ran after him, begging him to return her garment, but Toria did not stop till he had reached his home. When she arrived, he gave her the robe without a word. Seeing such a beautiful and noble creature before him, for very bashfulness he could not open his mouth to ask her to marry him; so he simply said, “You can go now.”

But she replied, “No, I will not return. My sisters by this time will have gone home. I will stay with you, and be your wife.”

All the time this was going on, a parrot, whom Toria had taught to speak, kept on flying about the heavens, calling out to the Sun: “Oh, great Father, do not look downwards!” As a result, the Sun did not see what was happening on earth to his daughter.

This girl was very different from the women of the country – she was half human, half divine – so that when a beggar came to the house and saw her, his eyes were dazzled just as if he had stared at the Sun. It happened that this same beggar in the course of his wanderings came to the king’s palace, and having seen the queen, who was thought by all to be the most beautiful of women, he told the king: “The shepherd Toria’s wife is far more beautiful than your queen. If you were to see her, you would be enchanted.”

“How can I see her?” asked the king eagerly. The beggar answered, “Put on your old clothes and travel in disguise.”

The king did so, and having arrived at the shepherd’s house, asked for alms. Toria’s wife came out of the house and gave him food and water, but he was so astonished at seeing her great beauty that he was unable to eat or drink. His only thought was, how can I manage to make her my queen?

When he got home he thought over many plans and at length decided upon one. He said, “I will order Toria to dig a large tank with his own hands, and fill it with water, and if he does not perform the task, I will kill him and seize his wife.” He then summoned Toria to the palace, commanded him to dig the tank and threatened him with death if he failed to fill the tank with water the same night. Toria returned home slowly and sorrowfully.

“What makes you so sad today?” asked his wife.

He replied, “The king has ordered me to dig a large tank, to fill it with water, and also to make trees grow beside it, all in the course of one night.”

“Don’t let it worry you,” said his wife. “Take your spade and mix a little water with the sand, where the tank is to be, and it will form there by itself.”

Toria did as he was told, and the king was astonished to find the tank completed in time. He had no excuse for killing Toria. Later, the king planted a great plain with mustard seed. When it was ready for reaping, he commanded Toria to reap and gather the produce into one large heap on a certain day; failing which, he would certainly be put to death. Toria, hearing this, was again very sad. When he told his wife about it, she said,

“Do not worry, it will be done.”

So the daughter of the Sun summoned her children, the doves. They came in large numbers, and in the space of an hour carried the produce away to the king’s threshing-floor. Again, Toria was saved through the wisdom of his wife. However, the king determined not to be outdone, so he arranged a great hunt.

On the day of the hunt he assembled his retainers, and a large number of beaters and provision-carriers, and set out for the jungle. Toria was employed to carry eggs and water. But the object of the hunt was not to kill a tiger, it was to kill Toria, so that the king might seize the daughter of the Sun and make her his wife.

Arriving at a cave, they said that a hare had taken refuge in it. They forced Toria into the cave. Then, rolling large stones against the entrance, they completely blocked it. They gathered large quantities of brushwood at the mouth of the cave, and set fire to it to smother Toria. Having done this, they returned home, boasting that they had finally disposed of the shepherd. But Toria broke the eggs, and all the ashes were scattered. Then he poured the water that he had with him on the remaining embers, and the fire was extinguished. Toria managed to crawl out of the cave. And there, to his great astonishment, he saw that all the white ashes of the fire were becoming cows, whilst the half-burnt wood was turning into buffaloes.

Toria herded the cows and buffaloes together and drove them home. When the king saw the herd, he became very envious, and asked Toria where he had found such fine cows and buffaloes.

Toria said, “From that cave into which you pushed me. I did not bring many with me, being on my own. But if you and all your retainers go, you will be able to get as many as you want. But to catch them it will be necessary to close the door of the cave, and light a fire in front, as you did for me.”

“Very well,” said the king. “I and my people will enter the cave, and, as you have sufficient cows and buffaloes, kindly do not go into the cave with us, but kindle
the fire outside.”

The king and his people then entered the cave. Toria blocked up the doorway, and then lit a large fire at the entrance. Before long, all that were in the cave were suffocated. Some days later the daughter of the Sun said, “I want to visit my father’s house.”

Toria said, “Very well, I will also go with you.”

“No, it is foolish of you to think of such a thing,” she said. “You will not be able to get there.”

“If you are able to go, surely I can.” And he insisted on accompanying her.

After travelling a great distance, Toria became so faint from the heat of the sun that he could go no further. His wife said, “Did I not warn you? As for quenching your thirst, there is no water to be found here. But sit down and rest, I will see if I can find some for you.”

While she was away, driven by his great thirst, Toria sucked a raw egg that he had brought with him. No sooner had he done this than he changed into a fowl.

When his wife returned with water, she could not find him anywhere; but, sitting where she had left him, was a solitary fowl. Taking the bird in her arms, she continued her journey.

When she reached her father’s house, her sisters asked her, “Where is Toria, your husband?”

She replied, “I don’t know. I left him on the road while I went to fetch water. When I returned, he had disappeared. Perhaps he will turn up later.”

Her sisters, seeing the fowl, thought that it would make a good meal. And so, while Toria’s wife was resting, they killed and ate the fowl. Later, when they again enquired of her as to the whereabouts of her husband, she looked thoughtful.

“I can’t be sure,” she said. “But I think you have eaten him.”

A folk story from Tales and Legends of India by Ruskin Bond.

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